One and Two APOL1 Risk Variants Can Predispose to FSGS and Other CKDs in West Africans

Published on November 1, 2024
One and Two APOL1 Risk Variants Can Predispose to FSGS and Other CKDs in West Africans

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and other chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the US and around the world. People of African ancestry are disproportionately more affected due to structural racism, disparity in care, implicit bias, and biological and genetic factors. Variants in the APOL1 gene (G1 and G2) were reported in 2010 as major genetic factors driving this disparity. Previous research showed that having two copies of the variants in different combinations (G1/G1, G1/G2, G2/G2) increases the risk of FSGS by about 17-fold and CKD by about two-fold in African Americans, but the role of having just one copy of the APOL1 variant was unknown.

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